Mashael Kamran is a PhD student at Oxford Brookes University. Her PhD focus is on assessing the environmental benefits of recycling and reusing retired lithium-ion electric vehicle batteries within the context of the co-evolution of the transportation and the electricity sector. Previously, she completed her MSc degree in Electrical Power Engineering from Northumbria University, UK and her BEng (hons) degree in Electronics and Electrical Engineering from the University of Edinburgh, UK.